A water softening device, which reduces water hardness, primarily removes calcium and magnesium ions from water. In simple terms, it is equipment designed to lower water hardness, effectively eliminating calcium and magnesium ions, activating water quality, sterilizing, inhibiting algae growth, and preventing and removing scale. During the water softening process, the device does not reduce the total salt content in the water. It is widely used in hot water boiler systems, heat exchange systems, industrial cooling systems, central air conditioning systems, and other water-using equipment systems. Working principle: Since water hardness is mainly caused and indicated by calcium and magnesium, cation exchange resin (water softener) is generally used to replace Ca2+ and Mg2+ (the main components forming scale) in the water. As the amount of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the resin increases, its efficiency in removing these ions gradually decreases. Once the resin absorbs a certain amount of calcium and magnesium ions, regeneration is necessary. The regeneration process involves flushing the resin layer with saltwater from the salt tank, replacing the hardness ions on the resin, which are then discharged with the regeneration waste liquid, restoring the resin's softening exchange function. Since water hardness is mainly caused and indicated by calcium and magnesium, the principle of sodium ion exchange softening treatment involves passing raw water through sodium-type cation exchange resin, allowing the hardness components Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the water to exchange with Na+ in the resin, thereby adsorbing Ca2+ and Mg2+ and softening the water. The conductivity of water produced by a pure water machine: Water conductivity, which is the reciprocal of water resistance, is commonly used to indicate water purity, generally expressed in units of μS/cm.