BES sodium salt, also known as dihydroxyethyl aminoethanesulfonic acid, has a very similar structure to Bicine, except that aminoacetic acid is replaced with aminoethanesulfonic acid, which is often used as a pH regulator in various biochemical tests. Below, we will focus on popularizing the production and use of BES sodium salts. BES sodium salt production process: 1. Prepare to analyze the pure raw materials of diethanolamine, sodium 2-chloroethylsulfonate, and sodium hydroxide. Diethanolamine and sodium chloroethylsulfonate undergo a substitution reaction under the action of sodium hydroxide to generate BES. 2. After generating BES, acid acidification is added. According to a certain amount, diethanolamine and sodium hydroxide are added to a four necked flask, with an equal amount of sodium hydroxide and sodium chloroethanesulfonate. The flask is equipped with a thermometer, pH meter, and stirrer. 3. After stabilizing the temperature, gradually add 2-chloroethanesulfonic acid sodium aqueous solution to the flask, paying attention to controlling the time and amount of addition. After completion, keep the temperature stable and continue the reaction for a period of time. 4. The reaction endpoint is determined based on the pH change of the system. After the reaction is completed, acid acidification is added, and vacuum distillation is performed to remove excess water and unreacted diethanolamine to obtain the crude BES product. The crude BES product is then refined and dried to obtain the final BES product. Precautions for using BES sodium salt: 1. During the production or experiment process, pay attention to the sterilization treatment of containers, water, or other solutions used to avoid external interference with the experimental progress. 2. During the process of obtaining BES sodium salt powder after drying, operators should avoid direct contact with inhaled dust and wear relevant protective equipment. 3. Most of the BES sodium salts produced are in powder form, and solvents need to be prepared before use. However, it is important to prepare and use them immediately. Do not store the solution in large quantities for a long time as it is prone to bacterial growth.